When embarking upon a monitoring campaign to assess the risk to which an individual may be exposed, it is necessary to ask several questions.
What to Sample?
This involves a review of the materials, processes and operating procedures being used within a process, coupled with discussions with management and health and safety personnel. A brief 'walk¬through' survey can also be useful as a guide to the extent of monitoring that may be necessary. Health and safety data sheets are also of use. When the background work has been completed it can then be decided what is to be measured.
On Whom?
This depends on the size and diversity of the group that the survey relates to. From the group of workers being surveyed the sample to be monitored should be selected; this must be representative of the group and the work undertaken. Selecting the individual with the highest exposure can be a reasonable starting point. If the group is large then random sampling may have to be employed, but care has to be exercised with this approach. The group should also be aware of the reason for sampling.
How long should the sample be for?
There are many considerations when answering this question: what are the control limits; is the hazard acute or chronic; what is our limit of detection; or simply what resources are available?
How is monitoring done?
The particular sampling strategy, based on the hazard presented, is outlined in the following table:
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What to Sample?
This involves a review of the materials, processes and operating procedures being used within a process, coupled with discussions with management and health and safety personnel. A brief 'walk¬through' survey can also be useful as a guide to the extent of monitoring that may be necessary. Health and safety data sheets are also of use. When the background work has been completed it can then be decided what is to be measured.
On Whom?
This depends on the size and diversity of the group that the survey relates to. From the group of workers being surveyed the sample to be monitored should be selected; this must be representative of the group and the work undertaken. Selecting the individual with the highest exposure can be a reasonable starting point. If the group is large then random sampling may have to be employed, but care has to be exercised with this approach. The group should also be aware of the reason for sampling.
How long should the sample be for?
There are many considerations when answering this question: what are the control limits; is the hazard acute or chronic; what is our limit of detection; or simply what resources are available?
How is monitoring done?
The particular sampling strategy, based on the hazard presented, is outlined in the following table:
|
MEASUREMENTS
TO DETERMINE
|
SUITABLE
TYPES OF MEASUREMENT
|
|
Chronic hazard
|
Continuous personal dose measurement.
Continuous measurements of average
background levels.
Short-term readings of containment levels
at selected positions and times.
|
|
Acute hazard
|
Continuous personal monitoring with rapid
response.
Continuous background monitoring with rapid
response.
Short-term readings of background
contaminant levels at selected positions and times.
|
|
Environmental control status
|
Continuous background monitoring.
Short-term readings of background
contaminant levels at selected positions and times.
|
|
Whether area is safe to enter
|
Direct reading instruments.
|
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