Inhalation:
This is the most important route of entry as it allows the substance to directly attack lung tissue and, in some cases, to enter the blood stream and attack other organs of the body. The lungs are an active pump, drawing in air from the environment and the majority of occupational ill-health produced by agents is caused by inhalation. Gases, such as carbon monoxide, enter the body by inhalation.
Ingestion:
occurs through the mouth. This can be accidental - such as by drinking from an unlabelled container or by poor hygiene - eating, drinking or smoking in a contaminated environment. Respiratory defence mechanisms also push inhaled particles, such as dusts, into the throat and mouth, most of which will then be swallowed;
Absorption:
Occurs through the skin and across membranes, e.g. ammonia into the eye. Many solvents will penetrate unbroken skin and can enter the blood stream. Other substances can enter via cuts or abrasions;
Direct Entry:
Occurs through open wounds on the skin, such as dermatitis, tetanus infection and leptospirosis (Weil’s disease) from female rat urine;
Injection (skin puncture):
Caused by contact with liquids or gases under pressure or accidental puncture of the skin with contaminated sharp objects, e.g. HIV.
Safety Courses in Chennai | Nebosh Courses in Chennai | OHSAS 18001 | Apply Now !
This is the most important route of entry as it allows the substance to directly attack lung tissue and, in some cases, to enter the blood stream and attack other organs of the body. The lungs are an active pump, drawing in air from the environment and the majority of occupational ill-health produced by agents is caused by inhalation. Gases, such as carbon monoxide, enter the body by inhalation.
Ingestion:
occurs through the mouth. This can be accidental - such as by drinking from an unlabelled container or by poor hygiene - eating, drinking or smoking in a contaminated environment. Respiratory defence mechanisms also push inhaled particles, such as dusts, into the throat and mouth, most of which will then be swallowed;
Absorption:
Occurs through the skin and across membranes, e.g. ammonia into the eye. Many solvents will penetrate unbroken skin and can enter the blood stream. Other substances can enter via cuts or abrasions;
Direct Entry:
Occurs through open wounds on the skin, such as dermatitis, tetanus infection and leptospirosis (Weil’s disease) from female rat urine;
Injection (skin puncture):
Caused by contact with liquids or gases under pressure or accidental puncture of the skin with contaminated sharp objects, e.g. HIV.
Safety Courses in Chennai | Nebosh Courses in Chennai | OHSAS 18001 | Apply Now !
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